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股票除权除息简明指南
什么是股票除权除息
一、基本概念
-
除权
- 定义：因公司发放股票股利（送股、配股）或增发新股，导致总股本增加，需向下调整股价以反映每股价值摊薄。
- 公式：
除权参考价 = 前一交易日收盘价 / (1 + 配股率)
示例：若股票收盘价150元，配股率50%（每10股送5股），除权价为100元。
-
除息
- 定义：因公司发放现金股利，需从股价中扣除分红金额，保持除息前后投资者权益公平。
- 公式：
除息参考价 = 前一交易日收盘价 – 现金股利金额
示例：若股票收盘价50元，分红3元，除息价为47元。
-
既除权又除息
- 复合情况：公司同时发放股票和现金股利时，需综合计算。
- 公式：
参考价 = (前收盘价 – 现金股利) / (1 + 配股率)
二、核心逻辑
- 公平性调整：确保除权/息前后买入的股票内含权益一致，避免价格扭曲。
- 中性影响：总市值不变，仅因股本或分红调整每股价格。
三、操作注意事项
- 股权登记日
- 必须在登记日收盘前持有股票，才能获得分红资格。
- 填权效应
- 若公司业绩向好，股价可能快速回升至除权前水平（填权），带来实际收益。
- 风险提示
- 流动性风险：送股产生的零股可能难以及时卖出。
- 税务成本：持股不足1年需缴纳红利税（税率10%-20%）。
四、实例分析
| 情景 | 计算过程 | 结果 |
|---|---|---|
| 纯现金分红 | 50元 – 3元股息 | 47元 |
| 纯股票分红 | 150元 / (1 + 0.5) | 100元 |
| 复合分红 | (50元 – 3元) / (1 + 0.1) | 42.73元 |
五、决策建议
- 参与条件：优选盈利稳定、成长性高的公司，避免高送转炒作标的。
- 长期视角：填权需基本面支撑，短期波动风险需警惕。
（注：本文未引用外部网页搜索结果，所有内容基于问题提供的原始信息整理。）
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
指标使用通用经验总结
- 一般出现信号不急着立即介入，介入时机一般尾盘半小时判断信号是否可介入；
- 指标信号出现后第二天冲高阴线，立即清仓，等待突破上一个信号点最高价判断是是否介入；
- 指标信号出现后第二天阴线或假阳线，立即清仓，等待突破上一个信号点最高价在判断是否介入；
- 在上涨，现价处于上涨高位的『介入、看多』信号不参与；
- 不是信号一出现就介入，要根据市场环境，量价关系，市场情绪等诸多因素判断是否可介入；
- 技术指标有其本身局限性，宁可错过，也不要做错；
- 拿到指标后，多测试，多练习，看是否符合预期，总结规律；
总之一旦信号失真，不符合预期，立即清仓控制风险 ；
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